方新,温珂.构建基础研究生态 筑牢强国根基[J].中国科学院院刊,2026,41(6):1220-1229.

构建基础研究生态 筑牢强国根基

Building basic research ecosystem to consolidate foundation of strong nation

方新¹
中国科学院 北京 100864
FANG Xin¹
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
温珂^2,3*
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049
WEN Ke^2,3*
Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

         基础研究生态;人工智能赋能科学研究;科研范式;元治理;政府

        basic research ecosystem;AI for Science (AI4S);research paradigm;meta-governance;government

        基础研究是整个科学体系的源头，是所有技术问题的总机关。文章系统梳理基础研究内涵和功能的演进，探析人工智能赋能科学研究（AI4S）范式变革引发基础研究发展新特征：活动主体从人类主导转向人机协同、组织模式被全方位重构、公共智能科研基础设施战略价值愈发凸显以及统筹安全与治理制度建设日益紧迫。面向新时代需求，文章提出了构建基础研究生态的原则和举措，建议政府以“元治理者”角色回到中心位置，构建持续稳定的多元投入机制、加强战略性基础研究体系化布局、统筹建设智能化科研基础设施、改革人才培养和科研评价制度，以及深度参与并引领全球科技治理等。

        Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system and the master switch for all technological problems. This study systematically reviews the evolution of the connotation and functions of basic research, and explores the new characteristics of basic research development triggered by the paradigm shift of AI for Science (AI4S): the shift of activity subjects from human-dominated to human-machine collaboration, the comprehensive restructuring of organizational models, the increasingly prominent strategic value of public intelligent research infrastructure, and the growing urgency to coordinate security and governance institution building. Addressing the demands of the new era, the study proposes principles and measures for building a basic research ecosystem. It suggests that the government should return to a central position as a “meta-governor” by establishing a sustained, stable, and diversified investment mechanism; strengthening the systematic layout of strategic basic research; coordinating the development of intelligent research infrastructure; reforming talent cultivation and research evaluation systems; and deeply participating in and leading global science and technology governance.