三江源区生态环境退化、恢复治理及其可持续发展

Eco-Environmental Degradation Vegetation Regeneration and Sustainable Development in the Headwaters of Three Rivers on Tibetan Plateau

        赵新全(西北高原生物研究所 西宁810001)
        周华坤(西北高原生物研究所 西宁810001)

         三江源区;生态退化;综合治理;可持续发展

        the headwaters region of three rivers;ecological degradation;integrated treatment;sustainable development

        本文介绍了三江源地区生态系统退化现状,科学分析了脆弱生态区生态退化的原因及生态过程,提出了三江源区退化生态系统的植被恢复配套技术和有效途径,探讨了区域经济、社会、资源、生态环境相互协调和相互促进的发展道路。

        The headwaters region of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancangjiang rivers is located on the Tibetan plateau with total land area is 366400 km2. However, there are evidences for expanding grassland degradation and soil erosion in the region caused by over grazing and unfavorable climate changes. Integrated management is the most effective approach for regenerating the productivity of degraded pasturelands. Fencing, reseeding, scarification are the common methods for revival of vegetative cover for degraded pastureland. Harnessing of ecological principles and biological processes, the grazing pattern, grazing density, sheep and yaks feedlot fattening, sustainable livestock production system are approached according to serial pilot studies in the region.