发展原子能事业催生的学科嬗变：从核物理到高能物理与理论物理

Disciplines transmutation prompted by atomic energy development: From nuclear physics to high energy physics and theoretical physics

        刘金岩(中国科学院自然科学史研究所 北京 100190)

         核物理;高能物理;理论物理;加速器

        nuclear physics;high energy physics;theoretical physics;accelerator

        发展原子能事业高效带动了我国一批关键学科的布局和发展。文章通过回顾史实，探讨我国如何集中科研力量优先发展核科技，突破尖端武器研制并带动高能物理与理论物理实现学科的建制化过程。研究表明，理论物理在中国科技发展各时期扮演不同角色，高能物理发展则与经济、技术和社会环境密切相关。契合并满足国家发展需求与追求世界科技前沿新知是中国核物理、高能物理和理论物理发展的重要推动力。

        The atomic energy development has efficiently promoted the layout and development of a series of key disciplines in China. Based on reviewing historical facts, this study examines how China focused its scientific research efforts on prioritizing the development of nuclear science and technology, breaking through the nuclear weapons, and accomplishing the institutionalization of high-energy physics and theoretical physics. The study shows that theoretical physics played different roles in China’s scientific and technological development, while the development of high-energy physics was closely related to the economic, technological and social context. The development of nuclear physics, high-energy physics and theoretical physics in China has been greatly driven by the demand to meet national development needs and the pursuit of new knowledge on the frontiers of science and technology in the world.