美国利用空天优势对中国第一次核试验的评估

The United States used its air and space superiority to assess China’s first nuclear test

        詹欣(东北师范大学 政法学院 长春 130117)

         U-2侦察机;“科罗纳”卫星;中国;核试验

        U-2 reconnaissance plane;Corona satellite;China;nuclear test

        冷战初期，由于中美敌对，人员交流受阻，美国政府搜集情报的手段和能力有限。为探查中国核计划的发展状况，美国情报部门大量依赖U-2侦察机和“科罗纳”侦察卫星进行监视。尽管技术上的进步带来更清晰的照片，但是先入为主的认知，却导致美国对中国首次核试验错判不断。

        At the beginning of the Cold War, personnel exchanges were blocked, and the means and ability of the American government to collect intelligence were limited, due to the hostility between China and the United States. In order to probe the development of China’s nuclear weapon’s program, American intelligence agencies relied heavily on U-2 reconnaissance planes and Corona reconnaissance satellites for surveillance. Although technological progress has brought clearer photos, preconceived cognition has led American intelligence agencies to misjudge China’s first nuclear test.