战略导向的中国计算数学创始

Strategy-oriented founding of computational mathematics in China

        王涛(中国科学院自然科学史研究所 北京 100190)

         华罗庚;计算数学;十二年科技规划;计算技术研究所;北京第九研究所

        Hua Luogeng;computational mathematics;12-Year Science and Technology Plan;Institute of Computing Technology;Beijing Ninth Institute

        现代数学是自然科学与工程技术的基础，主要分为纯粹数学与应用数学两大领域。作为应用数学的代表，计算数学诞生于人类历史上的重大军事工程——“曼哈顿计划”。计算数学在中国的创始也与国防工程密切相关。在国防工程与工业建设的战略导向下，受《十二年科技规划》的强力推动，中国顺利地完成了计算数学的创建与发展，填补了我国在应用数学领域的空白。

        Modern mathematics serves as the foundation of natural science and engineering technology, and is generally divided into two main fields: pure mathematics and applied mathematics. As a key branch of applied mathematics, computational mathematics originated during the Manhattan Project—one of the most significant military undertakings in human history. Similarly, the emergence of computational mathematics in China was also closely tied to national defense initiatives. Under the strategic guidance of defense and industrial development, and strongly driven by the 12-Year Science and Technology Plan, China successfully established and advanced the field of computational mathematics, filling a crucial gap in the nation’s applied mathematics landscape.