推动“一带一路”数字标准共建：路径、挑战与未来策略

Promoting joint development of digital standards for the Belt and Road Initiative: Achievements, challenges, and future strategies

        孙晓蕾¹(北京航空航天大学 经济管理学院 北京 100191)
        李龙飞^2,3(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)
        袁莉莉⁴(中国电子技术标准化研究院 北京 100007)
        宋宇²(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)
        张大永^5*(西南财经大学 经济与管理研究院 成都 611130)

         “一带一路”;数字标准共建;全球数字治理;国际合作

        the Belt and Road;digital standards;global digital governance;international cooperation

        作为数字经济时代的基础性规则体系，数字标准为技术协同、数据流通、产业升级及安全保障提供重要支撑。然而，当前欧美国家通过技术标准政治化和设置数据跨境流动壁垒等手段，遏制中国参与数字标准共建。与此同时，我国在核心技术自主创新能力、国际标准化机构影响力等方面仍存在提升空间。文章系统剖析“一带一路”数字标准共建的发展路径、实践成效及现实挑战，梳理我国在5G、区块链等优势领域的数字标准共建实践经验，构建以政府-企业协同、技术-产业协同、本土-国际协同为核心的数字标准共建协同创新路径。基于此，文章从设施联通、规则互通、生态融通3个维度，提出推动“一带一路”共建国家在新兴科技领域开展数字技术标准战略合作的政策建议。

        As a foundational regulatory framework in the digital economy era, digital standards serve as critical infrastructure for facilitating technological coordination, enabling data circulation, driving industrial upgrading, and ensuring security safeguards. Nevertheless, current practices reveal that the U. S. and Europe are strategically constraining China's digital standardization efforts through the politicization of technical specifications and the imposition of cross-border data flow barriers, while China continues to face deficiencies in core technology innovation autonomy and influence within international standardization bodies. This study conducts a systematic analysis of the developmental trajectories, practical outcomes, and contemporary challenges in advancing digital standard co-construction under the Belt and Road Initiative. It synthesizes China's empirical achievements in establishing digital standards within its competitive domains, such as 5G and blockchain, proposing a collaborative innovation pathway centered on threedimensional synergies: government-enterprise coordination, technology-industry integration, and domestic-global alignment. Building upon this framework, the study advocates a tripartite strategic approach encompassing infrastructure connectivity, regulatory harmonization, and ecosystem convergence. Accordingly, it formulates policy recommendations to promote strategic cooperation on digital technology standards in emerging fields among Belt and Road partner nations, aiming to foster an inclusive innovation ecosystem within the evolving global digital governance architecture.