地质安全约束下长三角城市地下空间高质量开发战略路径

Strategic path for high-quality development of urban underground space in the Yangtze River Delta region under geological safety constraints

        葛伟亚*(1 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心 南京 210016;
2 自然资源部城市地下空间探测评价工程技术创新中心 南京 210016)
        王睿(1 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心 南京 210016;
2 自然资源部城市地下空间探测评价工程技术创新中心 南京 210016)
        李云峰(1 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心 南京 210016;
2 自然资源部城市地下空间探测评价工程技术创新中心 南京 210016)
        华健(1 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心 南京 210016;
2 自然资源部城市地下空间探测评价工程技术创新中心 南京 210016)
        杨洋(1 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心 南京 210016;
2 自然资源部城市地下空间探测评价工程技术创新中心 南京 210016)

         长三角城市群;地下空间;地质安全;地面沉降;岩溶塌陷;城市韧性;协同规划;风险防控

        Yangtze River Delta;underground space;geological safety;land subsidence;karst collapse;urban resilience;coordinated planning;risk prevention and control

        长三角作为我国经济最具活力的核心区域之一，地面空间开发强度已接近承载上限，地下空间正成为区域城市更新、要素集约配置与韧性城市建设的重要战略增量资源。在地面空间紧约束和地下空间开发加速的双重背景下，多类型地质安全风险在长三角叠加显现，已成为制约地下空间高质量利用的关键瓶颈。文章以长三角地区为中国城市发展的典型案例，识别了地下空间开发面临的地面沉降、岩溶塌陷、崩滑流、采空塌陷、地震及道路下方不当施工引发的道路地面塌陷等主要地质风险，分析其对地下空间规划、建设与运营的影响机理，并指出区域存在深部地质结构认识不足、风险评价体系缺失、工程扰动叠加效应显著及城市群协同不足等突出问题。提出构建多尺度地下空间地质调查体系、建立地质安全约束下的资源评价与准入机制、强化城市群协同规划管控、完善风险监测预警体系、推动科技创新等对策，旨在支撑长三角地区率先形成地下空间高质量开发利用示范区，为国家城市空间治理体系现代化提供战略支撑。

        As one of China's most dynamic economic regions, the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) has approached the upper limit of surface land development, making underground space a critical strategic resource for urban renewal, compact spatial restructuring, and resilient city construction. Nevertheless, rapid expansion of underground development, combined with increasingly tight surface constraints, has led to the superposition of multiple geological hazards, which has become a key bottleneck restricting high-quality underground space utilization in the YRD. Based on comprehensive geological safety assessments of YRD cities, this study identifies six major geological risks, namely, land subsidence, karst collapse, landslides and debris flows, mining-induced subsidence, earthquakes, and road ground collapse, and analyzes their impacts on underground space planning, construction, and operation. Key challenges include insufficient understanding of deep geological structures, inadequate risk assessment systems, significant engineering-induced disturbances, and weak regional coordination. Correspondingly, this study proposes a set of policy recommendations: establishing multi-scale geological survey systems for underground space, developing resource evaluation and access mechanisms under geological safety constraints, enhancing region-wide collaborative planning and regulation, improving risk monitoring and early-warning capabilities, and fostering technological innovation. These strategies will support the YRD in becoming a national demonstration zone for high-quality underground space development and contribute to the modernization of China's urban spatial governance.