适应新发展阶段的中国消费品标准化战略转型研究

Research on Strategic Transformation of Consumer Goods Standardization for the New Development Stage

        马胜男¹(国家市场监督管理总局 北京 100820)
        王旭华⁴(中国轻工业联合会 北京 100833)
        孙锡敏⁵(中国纺织工业联合会 北京 100020)
        杜岩冰⁶(中国服装协会 北京 100020)
        闫凌⁷(中国家用电器研究院 北京 100037)
        孙翊^2,3*(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)

         消费品;标准化;政策

        consumer goods;standardization;policy

        消费品“小产品、大集成”，是反映国家创新能力、制造能力和国际竞争力的有形载体，是满足人民美好生活需要的直接体现。我国消费品工业市场化起步早，长期以来发挥着拉动国内循环、推动国际循环的主力军作用。消费品标准化与产业实践相互协调、相互适应，走过从无到有、从有到快、从快到好的3个历史阶段，有效规范、促进和引领了产业发展。当前，欧美等主要发达国家消费品标准化发展呈现“更安全、更透明、更环保、更健康”的变化。同时，我国消费品工业进入增速放缓、内需疲软、出口形势严峻复杂的新常态，市场发展和产业实践对消费品标准化提出“创新、健康、生态、文化、服务”等5个方面的新要求。文章在总结消费品标准化事业的历史经验、借鉴国外做法的基础上，深入分析新发展阶段消费品市场表现与产业实践需要，提出新时期消费品标准化领域的“七个转型”，以期为深入贯彻落实《国家标准化发展纲要》，构建与新发展格局战略任务相适应的消费品标准化政策体系，提供借鉴和决策参考。

        Small products and large integration of consumer goods is a tangible carrier reflecting a country's innovation capacity, manufacturing capacity and international competitiveness, and a physical embodiment of meeting people's needs for a better life. The marketization of China's consumer goods industry developed early and has played a leading role in stimulating the domestic cycle and promoting the international cycle for a long time. The standardization of consumer goods and industrial practice have been coordinating with each other and making mutual adaptations from the beginning, and have gone through the stages from scratch, to fast development and to sound development. This has effectively standardized, promoted and guided the industrial development. At present, the standardization of consumer goods in Europe, America and other major developed countries has entered a new stage of "safer, more transparent, more environmentally friendly and healthier". However, China's consumer goods industry has got into a state with slow growth, weak domestic demand, and severe and complex export situation. The market development and industrial practice is raising new requirements on five aspects:innovation, health, ecology, culture and service. On the basis of summarizing China's historical experiences in developing the consumer goods standardization and lessons learned from foreign practices, this study analyzes the market performance and the needs of industrial practice in the current stage of consumer goods standardization, and puts forward the "seven transformations" of consumer goods standardization in the new period. It aims to provide reference for practice and decision-making on implementing the National Standardization Development Outline and formulating consumer goods standardization policies suitable for the strategic task of constructing a new development pattern.