论中国如何发展自主可控和开放的科技产业
On How To Develop Independent, and Open Science and Technology Industries in China
On How To Develop Independent, and Open Science and Technology Industries in China
作者
詹剑锋(1 中国科学院计算技术研究所 北京 100190;
2 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
2 中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
中文关键词
应用科学技术体系;自主可控和开放产业;智能计算机
英文关键词
applied science and technology system;independent and open industries;intelligent computer
中文摘要
在竞争日益激烈的国际环境下，自主可控和开放合作是发展科技产业的双翼，同等重要。自主可控让我们无后顾之忧；开放合作则允许我们充分开展全球分工与合作，获得竞争优势。文章分析了计算机产业发展史上的重要技术创新：移动芯片ARM和移动操作系统安卓（Android），以及正在发展的智能计算机产业，探讨了新的国际竞争环境下如何才能建立有竞争力的应用科学技术体系。文章认为：（1）只有从源头或者主干开始的基础性技术创新才可能真正做到自主可控，并充分享有国际分工与合作的好处；智能计算机是中国建立自主可控和开放产业的一个机会。（2）只有改变评价体系，从机械地统计论文数目和引用转向重视从源头或者主干开始的基础性技术创新，改变头重脚轻的学科布局，重视知识产权保护，充分利用国际智力开展分工与合作，才能建立具有国际竞争力的应用科学技术体系。
英文摘要
Independence and openness are equally important for the development of science and technology industries in an increasingly competitive international environment. Independence serves as our backup force, while openness allows us to participate fully in global division of labor and collaboration and to gain competitive edge. This paper analyzes the fundamental technology innovations in the history of computer industry:the mobile chip ARM and the mobile OS Android, as well as the developing intelligent computer industry, and explores how to build an applied science and technology system with competitive edge under the new international competitive environment. Two conclusions are drawn as follows. First, independence and full sharing of the benefits of international division of labor and cooperation must be based on the fundamental technology innovation starting from the source or backbone. Intelligent computer offers an opportunity for China to establish an independent and open industry. Second, only by changing the evaluative methodology and metric from simply centering on the citation number of papers to emphasizing fundamental technology innovation starting from the source or backbone, changing the top-heavy discipline layout, emphasizing intellectual property rights protection and making full use of international intelligence to carry out division and cooperation, can an applied science and technology system with internationally competitive edge be established.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2019.06.007
作者简介
詹剑锋 中国科学院计算技术研究所研究员、博士生导师,中国科学院大学岗位教授,国际开放基准测试委员会(Bench Council)执行主席,
IEEE TPDS 副主编。主要贡献包括集群和云操作系统、数据中心操作系统、大数据和人工智能测试基准(Benchmarks)和实验床(Testbed)。
E-mail:zhanjianfeng@ict.ac.cn
ZHAN Jianfeng Full Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at Institute of Computing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.His research interests include benchmarking,operating systems,parallel and distributed systems.He has published more than 150 papers in major journals and international conferences related to these research fields,and filed 50 patents.He founded Bench Council (a non-profit International Open Benchmarking Council) and serves as IEEE TPDS associate editor.He received the second-class Chinese National Technology Promotion Prize in 2006,the Distinguished Achievement Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2005,and IISWC Best paper award in 2013,respectively.
E-mail:zhanjianfeng@ict.ac.cn
IEEE TPDS 副主编。主要贡献包括集群和云操作系统、数据中心操作系统、大数据和人工智能测试基准(Benchmarks)和实验床(Testbed)。
E-mail:zhanjianfeng@ict.ac.cn
ZHAN Jianfeng Full Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at Institute of Computing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.His research interests include benchmarking,operating systems,parallel and distributed systems.He has published more than 150 papers in major journals and international conferences related to these research fields,and filed 50 patents.He founded Bench Council (a non-profit International Open Benchmarking Council) and serves as IEEE TPDS associate editor.He received the second-class Chinese National Technology Promotion Prize in 2006,the Distinguished Achievement Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2005,and IISWC Best paper award in 2013,respectively.
E-mail:zhanjianfeng@ict.ac.cn
