生态学研究支撑喀斯特区域生态环境治理与科技扶贫
Ecological Research Supports Eco-environmental Management and Poverty Alleviation in Karst Region of Southwest China
Ecological Research Supports Eco-environmental Management and Poverty Alleviation in Karst Region of Southwest China
作者
王克林(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
陈洪松(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
曾馥平(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
岳跃民(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
张伟(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
付智勇(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
陈洪松(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
曾馥平(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
岳跃民(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
张伟(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
付智勇(中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站 长沙 410125)
中文关键词
喀斯特;石漠化;长期定位监测;生态恢复;科技扶贫
英文关键词
karst;rocky desertification;long-term monitoring;ecological recovery and restoration;poverty alleviation through science and technology
中文摘要
中科院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站面向我国西南喀斯特区域石漠化综合治理与生态服务提升和民生改善的重大需求，系统开展了喀斯特生态系统野外观测、试验与示范研究，发现了喀斯特坡地地表-地下二元水土流失特征，地表侵蚀产沙一般低于50 t/（km2·a），但人为干扰加剧地表侵蚀；揭示了人类活动对喀斯特退化生态系统的影响及其作用机理，阐明了喀斯特景观格局与关键生态过程的相互作用机理，研发了喀斯特退化生态系统适应性修复技术体系，开展了生态工程背景下喀斯特区域生态系统服务变化评估，提出了喀斯特景观保护的优化管控措施，构建了喀斯特生态脆弱区科技扶贫模式，形成了喀斯特生态系统服务优化调控的理论与技术体系，为我国西南地区石漠化治理与区域脱贫提供了重要科技支撑。
英文摘要
Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems (HORSKE) of Chinese Academy of Sciences was founded in 2001. Since then HORSKE has been committing itself to serve the national needs for rocky desertification restoration, ecosystem services promotion, and human wellbeing improvement. HORSKE has carried on comprehensive and long-term monitoring, experiment, and demonstration to the degraded karst ecosystem. HORSKE found the dual loss characteristics for both soil and water, revealed that surface soil erosion modulus on karst hillslopes is less than 50 t/(km2·a) and human disturbances could intensify the surface soil erosion speed. Furthermore, HORSKE clarified the effects of human activities on the degraded karst ecosystem and its mechanisms and expounded the interaction mechanisms of landscape pattern and key ecological processes in karst areas. HORSKE also developed adaptive restoration technology for degraded karst ecosystem. At the regional scale, HORSKE evaluated the ecosystem services changes under the implementation of ecological conservation projects. In addition, HORSKE proposed effective measures for karst landscape protection. For regional poverty alleviation, HORSKE developed and proposed scientific and technological modes for poverty alleviation in the karst eco-fragile areas. During the past 20 years, HORSKE has established theories and technologies for karst ecosystem services optimization and management. Long-term ecological research and demonstration in HORSKE has made important progresses on karst eco-environmental management and poverty alleviation. HORSKE supports scientific foundations for combating rocky desertification and regional poverty alleviation in the karst region of Southwest China.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.02.012
作者简介
王克林 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所党委书记、研究员、博士生导师,所学术委员会主任,环江喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站站长,国务院政府特殊津贴享受者,国家重点研发计划项目首席科学家。2001年9月-2013年2月任所长,2013年9月任所党委书记,中国生态学学会副理事长、Journal of Resources and Ecology及《生态学报》《山地学报》《地理科学》《生态学杂志》《中国岩溶》等刊物编委,全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)中国专家委员会委员。主要从事景观格局变化与生态过程、生态系统服务研究,主持完成的洞庭湖流域生态功能优化成果获湖南省科技进步奖一等奖、西南喀斯特生态系统退化机制与适应性修复成果获得中国科学院科技促进发展奖一等奖。E-mail:kelin@isa.ac.cn
WANG Kelin Professor of Institute of Subtropical Agriculture (ISA),Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),the director of academic committee of ISA and Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems,CAS.He was added to the list of the State Council Special Allowance and is chief scientist of the National Key Research and Development Program of China.He was the director of ISA from September 2001 to February 2013.Since September 2013,he is the Party Secretary of ISA.He currently serves as a vice director of the Ecological Society of China and an editorial member of Journal of Resources and Ecology,Acta Ecologica Sinica,Mountain Research,Scientia Geographica Sinica,Chinese Journal of Ecology,and Carsologica Sinica,respectively.He also serves as a member of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS).He has long been engaged in the research of changes of landscape patterns,ecological processes,and ecosystem services.As the first accomplisher,he was awarded a First-Class Prize of Hunan Science and Technology Progress Award for the ecological function optimization of Donting Lake watershed.He was also awarded a First-Class Prize of Science and Technology for Development Award of CAS as the first accomplisher for the degradation mechanisms and adaptive restoration of karst ecosystem in Southwest China.E-mail:kelin@isa.ac.cn
WANG Kelin Professor of Institute of Subtropical Agriculture (ISA),Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),the director of academic committee of ISA and Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems,CAS.He was added to the list of the State Council Special Allowance and is chief scientist of the National Key Research and Development Program of China.He was the director of ISA from September 2001 to February 2013.Since September 2013,he is the Party Secretary of ISA.He currently serves as a vice director of the Ecological Society of China and an editorial member of Journal of Resources and Ecology,Acta Ecologica Sinica,Mountain Research,Scientia Geographica Sinica,Chinese Journal of Ecology,and Carsologica Sinica,respectively.He also serves as a member of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS).He has long been engaged in the research of changes of landscape patterns,ecological processes,and ecosystem services.As the first accomplisher,he was awarded a First-Class Prize of Hunan Science and Technology Progress Award for the ecological function optimization of Donting Lake watershed.He was also awarded a First-Class Prize of Science and Technology for Development Award of CAS as the first accomplisher for the degradation mechanisms and adaptive restoration of karst ecosystem in Southwest China.E-mail:kelin@isa.ac.cn
